Download Sexually Transmitted Diseases: Chlamydia, Gonorrhea

Sexually Transmitted Diseases: Chlamydia, Gonorrhea, Trichomoniasis, Syphilis, HIV Dr. Nicholas Viyuoh, MD Board Certified OB/GYN Lock Haven Hospital-Haven Health Care for Women

Presentation contains graphic pictures of diseases

Chlamydia 

What is it? 

A vaginal infection of the bacteria Chlamydia trachomatis

Normal Cervix Image from the Practitioner’s Handbook for the Management of STDs

Mucopurulet cervix with inflammation, discharge, and ectopy (abnormal cells) due to infection with Chlamydia Image from The Practitioner’s Handbook for the Management of STDs

Chlamydia 

How is it transmitted?  



Oral, anal, vaginally, and during childbirth Chlamydia may be cultured from the throats of those who have had oral exposure from an infected individual

Symptoms—usually present within 2 weeks of exposure 



Female: Vaginal discharge, burning with urination, painful intercourse, bleeding between menses Male: Penile discharge, burning with urination

Chlamydial infection within the lymphatic system of an infected male www.mc3.edu/sa/hpnc/nurstd/std.htm

Chlamydia Rates of Chlamydia by Age •

Note: almost all cases of Chlamydia are college-aged

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MOST FREQUENTLY REPORTED BACTERIAL STD!

Clinton County Rates (2004) from the PA dept of Health •

61 reported cases in 2004 in Clinton County

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21,385 reported in PA in 2004, exclusive of Philadelphia

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Rate increasing 8.84%/year

From the Center of Disease Control

Chlamydia 

Complications:  



Prevention: 

 

 The bacteria that causes Chlamydia:

Chlamydia trachomatis microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php/Chlamydia

Females: PID, infertility Males: epididymitis

Abstinence Limit sexual partners Condoms

Treatment: 

Antibiotics  Doxycycline, Azithromycin, Erythromycin

Gonorrhea 

What is it?  



STD cause by bacteria Neisseria gonorrhoeae Very common STD

Signs/Symptoms—usually present within 10 days of exposure 

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Males: Burning with urination, yellow/green/white discharge from penis, swollen or tender testicles Females: often asymptomatic, painful urination, increased discharge

Penile discharge in individual infected with Gonorrhea www.mc3.edu/sa/hpnc/nurstd/std.htm

Gonorrhea 

Complications  



Cervical discharge in female infected with Gonorrhea http://medinfo.ufl.edu/year2/mmid/bms53 00/images/b2.jpg

Females: PID, infertility Males: epididymitis

Treatment: Antibiotics, although we are now seeing more resistance to antibiotics  Prevention: abstinence, limit number, condoms

Trichomoniasis 

What is it? 



STD caused by protozoan parasite Trichomonas vaginalis

Signs/Symptoms 



Females: frothy yellowgreen discharge with a strong odor, pain with intercourse and urination, vaginal itching Males: irritation in penis, discharge

“Strawberry Cervix” from T. vaginalis www.fpnotebook.com/ID211.htm

Trichomoniasis 

Complications 



Prevention   

 T. vaginalis, protozoa that causes Trichomoniasis isolated from culture http://www.tulane.edu/~wiser/protozoology/not es/intes.html

More susceptibility to other STDs and HIV Abstinence Limit Sexual Partners Condoms

Treatment 

Vaginal or oral medication: Flagyl

Syphilis 

What is it? 



Bacterial STD caused by Treponema pallidum

Transmission 



Have to have a sore to transmit, but sores may be hidden Transmitted vaginally, anally, orally

www.wales.nhs.uk

Syphilis 

pathmicro.med.sc.edu

Signs/Symptoms  May be asymptomatic for years  Primary stage: painless ulcer (chancre) lasting 3-6 weeks  Secondary stage: rash (not itchy), on palms of hands and soles of feet, swollen gland, weight loss, headaches.  Tertiary stage: internal organ (brain, heart, eye, nerves) damage,  End stage: paralysis, numbness, blindness, dementia, death

From the Practitioner’s Handbook of Management of STDs

Syphilis 

Diagnosis: 





Treatment: 

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One of the 2 STDs that is diagnosed with a blood test (other is HIV) The test is called an RPR. Antibiotics in the primary or secondary stages

Prevention:   

Abstinence Condoms Limit Partners

http://www.anaisdedermatologia.org.br/_img/figuras_en/200604201 93906.jpg

HIV 

HIV: what is it? 





HIV: Human Immunodeficiency Virus AIDS is Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) Having HIV does NOT mean you have AIDS

http://www.wellesley.edu/Chemistry/Chem101/hiv/HIV1.html

References http://www.cdc.gov/std/stats/trends2005. htm  http://www.cdc.gov/std/default.htm 